Waste Management

Waste management 
      The Indian government has implemented various policies and regulations under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, to manage waste effectively. Key initiatives include the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016, Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016, and others focusing on different waste streams like bio-medical, construction & demolition, and hazardous waste. These rules emphasize segregation at source, extended producer responsibility, and promoting recycling and waste processing. 
Key Policies and Regulations:-
Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016:-
   Replaced the 2000 rules and mandates segregation at the source, user fees for waste collection, and processing from bulk generators. 

Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016:-
   Focuses on minimizing plastic waste generation, preventing littering, and ensuring segregated storage. Amendments in 2022 introduced further measures. 

Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016:-
   Deals with the safe handling and disposal of bio-medical waste. 

Construction and Demolition Waste Management Rules, 2016:-
  Addresses the management of waste from construction and demolition activities. 

Hazardous and Other Wastes:- (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016:-
Governs the management of hazardous and other wastes, including their transboundary movement. 

E-Waste (Management) Rules, 2016:-
Focuses on the collection, recycling, and environmentally sound management of e-waste. 

GOBAR-Dhan (Galvanizing Organic Bio-Agro Resources Dhan) Scheme:-
  Promotes the conversion of organic waste into biogas and other resources.
 
Swachh Bharat Mission:-
 Launched in two phases, with a focus on achieving "Garbage Free Cities" and promoting source segregation, single-use plastic reduction, and bio-remediation of legacy waste. 

Key Principles and Initiatives:-
1) Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR):-
;  Places responsibility on producers for the entire lifecycle of their products, including collection and recycling. 

2) Waste Segregation:-
   Mandates segregation of waste at the source (residential, commercial, etc.) into biodegradable, non-biodegradable, and hazardous waste. 

3) Decentralized Waste Processing:-
Encourages processing of waste at the local level, such as composting and bio- methanation. 

4) Involvement of Informal Sector:-
Recognizes the role of the informal sector in waste management and promotes their inclusion with due consideration for their livelihood and health. 

These policies and regulations aim to create a cleaner and healthier environment by promoting responsible waste management practices across various sectors. 

MJF Lion ER YK Sharma 

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