Global shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources, and it is indeed accelerating, driven by the intertwined challenges of rising electricity demand, stringent decarbonisation targets, and the need to manage complex power systems. Key factors and challenges shaping this acceleration include: Rising Electricity Demand: -Global electricity demand is increasing due to population growth, economic development, and the electrification of various sectors like transport (electric vehicles) and heating. This necessitates a massive expansion of generation capacity, which is increasingly met by renewables.

The energy transition is a transformative global shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources, and it is indeed accelerating, driven by the intertwined challenges of rising electricity demand, stringent decarbonisation targets, and the need to manage complex power systems. 

Key factors and challenges shaping this acceleration include:
Rising Electricity Demand: -
Global electricity demand is increasing due to population growth, economic development, and the electrification of various sectors like transport (electric vehicles) and heating. This necessitates a massive expansion of generation capacity, which is increasingly met by renewables.
Decarbonisation Targets: -
To meet the goals of the Paris Agreement and limit global warming, countries and companies are setting ambitious net-zero emissions targets. These targets create a powerful policy and market drive to phase out carbon-intensive energy sources, particularly coal, and invest in clean alternatives like solar and wind power.
Complex Power Systems: -
The integration of variable renewable energy sources (like solar and wind) creates technical and infrastructural challenges for traditional, centralized power grids. This growing complexity requires modernizing power systems with advanced solutions, such as energy storage (batteries), smart grids, and digitalisation, to ensure stability, reliability, and affordability.
Technological Innovation: -
Significant advancements and falling costs in renewable technologies have made them cost-effective alternatives to fossil fuels in many markets, further driving their rapid deployment.
Policy and Investment: -
Government policies, regulatory frameworks, and financial incentives play a crucial role in de-risking investments and channeling the trillions of dollars needed annually to fund the transition. 
Navigating this complex landscape requires a comprehensive and coordinated approach, addressing not only the technological shifts but also the associated economic and social impacts (a "just transition"). 
What is the sustainable energy transition and why is it key to tackling climate .
Electrical energy Demand
Electrical energy demand is rising rapidly due to economic growth and factors like electric vehicles, while generation needs to increase to meet this, with a significant focus on expanding clean energy sources to meet future projections.
 For example, India projects a peak demand of 277.2 GW and an energy requirement of 1907.8 billion units (BU) for 2026-27 and needs generation to meet and exceed these targets. 
Installed capacity: -
India's total non-fossil fuel energy capacity reached 217.62 gigawatts in January 2025, with renewables making up a significant portion of this.
Solar power: -
Solar is the leading contributor to India's renewable mix, with a total installed capacity of 92.12 gigawatts as of January 2025.
Targets: -
India aims to reach 500 gigawatts of non-fossil fuel-based electricity generation capacity by 2030. 

MJF Lion ER YK Sharma 


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