India is accelerating its green energy transition through policies and ambitious targets, including a goal of 500 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2030 and achieving net-zero emissions by 2070. Key initiatives include major solar projects, the National Green Hydrogen Mission, the PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana for household solar, and support for manufacturing green hydrogen and electric vehicles.

India is accelerating its green energy transition through policies and ambitious targets, including a goal of 500 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2030 and achieving net-zero emissions by 2070. Key initiatives include major solar projects, the National Green Hydrogen Mission, the PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana for household solar, and support for manufacturing green hydrogen and electric vehicles. 

Key initiatives and goals
Renewable energy capacity: -
The government has a target of 500 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2030. As of October 2025, India's cumulative solar capacity was around 130 GW, with over 200 GW of total renewable capacity reported as of 2024.
Net-zero by 2070:-
 India has committed to achieving net-zero emissions by 2070.
National Green Hydrogen Mission  (NGHM): -
Launched in 2023, this mission aims to make India a global hub for green hydrogen production and usage, targeting a production capacity of 5 million metric tons per year by 2030.
PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana:-
 A scheme providing subsidies for installing solar panels on household rooftops, aiming to make homes more energy self-reliant.
Support for manufacturing:- 
The Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme has helped the domestic solar module manufacturing capacity nearly double in FY2024-25.
Other renewable sources: -
India is also developing large solar parks, rooftop solar, wind projects, and hydroelectric power, with 15 GW of hydro capacity under construction.
Electrification and decarbonization:-
 Efforts are underway to decarbonize sectors like transport through electric vehicles and to promote green steel production using green hydrogen.

Installed capacity (Examples)
Source India (approx.)Global (approx., 2023)
1) Coal 46.12%
(based on 2025 data)
2)34.4% Hydro
3) 10.08% (includes small-hydro)
4) 14.4 Nuclear 1.85%
5) 8.99% Oil &
6) Gas 4.36%
7) 22.1% (natural gas)
8) Solar. ( 23.30%. 6.92%)
9) Wind (10.78%. 8.12%)


 MJF Lion ER YK Sharma 

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