Neutral earthing is the intentional connection of the neutral point of a transformer, generator, or system to the ground, providing a safe, low-impedance path for fault currents. It enhances safety by preventing high-voltage surges, reduces fire risks, and allows protective devices to isolate faults, thereby improving system reliability

Neutral earthing is the intentional connection of the neutral point of a transformer, generator, or system to the ground, providing a safe, low-impedance path for fault currents. It enhances safety by preventing high-voltage surges, reduces fire risks, and allows protective devices to isolate faults, thereby improving system reliability
.
Key Aspects of Neutral Earthing:
Purpose:-
 Ensures protective relays operate, limits voltage on healthy phases, reduces equipment damage from insulation stress, and provides safety to personnel.
Methods of Earthing:Solid Earthing: -
The neutral is directly connected to the ground, commonly used in low-voltage systems to ensure high, immediate fault current.
Resistance Earthing: -
A resistor is placed between the neutral and ground to limit fault current, preventing equipment damage.
Reactance/Impedance Earthing: -
Uses a coil (Petersen coil) to limit ground fault current, often used in high-voltage transmission lines.
Isolated/Floating Neutral: -
The neutral is not connected to the ground, allowing operation without immediate shutdown during a single fault, though risking high transient overvoltages.
Benefits: ,-
Reduces transient overvoltages, improves fault location identification, and enhances lightning protection.
Application: -
Required in power systems (generators, transformers) to provide a reference point of zero volts, protecting against single line-to-ground faults. 
Neutral Earthing vs. Body Earthing:-
While neutral earthing connects the neutral conductor to the earth, body earthing (or equipment grounding) connects the metallic, non-current-carrying parts of equipment to the earth to prevent electric shock. 
Advantages of neutral grounding:- Voltages of the healthy phases do not exceed line to ground voltages i.e. they remain nearly constant. 

MJF Lion ER YK Sharma 


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