Delhi's air pollution is driven primarily by 1) vehicular emissions (23–27%), 2) biomass/stubble burning (20%), 3) construction dust (15–30%), and4) industrial waste, exacerbated by geographical trapping of pollutants during winter.

 Delhi's air pollution is driven primarily by 1) vehicular emissions (23–27%), 
2) biomass/stubble burning (20%),
 3) construction dust (15–30%), 
                     and
4)  industrial waste, exacerbated by geographical trapping of pollutants during winter. 
    Key remedies include promoting electric vehicles, managing crop residue, stricter construction regulations, and regional airshed management. 

Key Causes of Delhi Pollution
Vehicular Emissions: -
Rapidly increasing vehicle numbers, particularly diesel-powered ones, contribute significantly to PM2.5 levels.
Stubble Burning: -
Agricultural residue burning in neighboring states (Punjab, Haryana) during winter releases massive amounts of particulate matter.
Construction and Demolition Dust: -
Poorly regulated construction activities generate substantial dust, accounting for up to 30% of pollution in some reports.
Industrial Emissions: -
Factories in and around the NCR release sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and other pollutants.
Geographical Factors: -
The Indo-Gangetic Plain's low wind speeds and temperature inversions trap pollutants, preventing dispersion.
Waste Management: -
Inadequate management of garbage and sewage contributes to both air and water pollution. 
Remedies and Mitigation Measures
Electric Vehicles (EV) Promotion: -
  Implementing policies like the Delhi Electric Vehicle Policy 2.0 to encourage adoption and reduce fossil fuel reliance.
Stubble Management Machinery:-
 Using technology like the Super Straw Management System (SMS) and Happy Seeders to manage crop residue instead of burning it.
Strict Construction Regulation:-
 Implementing construction and demolition programs and using AI-led planning to control dust.
Regional Airshed Management: -
Tackling pollution as a regional challenge rather than just a city-specific one, as recommended by the Centre for Air Quality Research.
Public Transport Improvement:-
 Encouraging the use of public transport and restricting high-emission vehicles.
Industrial Regulation: -
Upgrading technology in industries and ensuring compliance with emission standards.

MJF Lion ER YK Sharma 

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